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  • 
    Peggy Schoenfuss
    Superintendent of Catholic Schools
    715-234-5044 ext. 4405
    pschoenfusscatholicdos.org

• Core Idea & Reference
  PS1: Explain the structure, properties and interactions of matter.
  Key Catholic Components: CCC: 279, 282-289, 290, 293, 299, 337-338, 341
  

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  PS1.A Explain how particles combine to form the variety of substances one observes

  PS1.A.1

  Explain that different kinds of matter exist

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  PS1.A.2

  Explain how matter can be solid or liquid

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  PS1.A.3

  Demonstrate that objects can be built up from smaller pieces

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  PS1.A.4

  Demonstrate that objects can be weighed and measured

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  PS1.A.5

  Explain how matter can be divided into particles too small to see

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  PS1.A.6

  Demonstrate that the weight of matter is conserved when it changes in form

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  PS1.A.7

  Describe various properties (hardness, reflectivity, etc.) that can be used to identify materials

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  PS1.A.8

  Explain that all substances are made up of different types of atoms

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  PS1.A.9

  Describe how atoms combine in different ways to create molecules

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  PS1.A.10

  Recognize that a pure substance can be a single type of atom or a molecule

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  PS1.A.11

  Identify and analyze pure substances using individual physical and chemical properties

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  PS1.A.12

  Describe how matter exists in different states

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  PS1.A.13

  Predict how changes in temperature and pressure will alter the state of matter

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  PS1.A.14

  Explain how all atoms in a subunit, regardless of state, are in motion

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  PS1.A.15

  Demonstrate that solids can be formed from molecules or may be extended structures of repeating unites

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  PS1.B Explain and demonstrate chemical reactions

  PS1.B.1

  Recognize that heating or cooling a substance may cause observable changes

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  PS1.B.2

  Demonstrate how two or more substance can combine to form new substances with new properties depending on temperature

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  PS1.B.3

  Explain that mass (weight) is conserved no matter the change in properties

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  PS1.B.4

  Demonstrate knowledge of how substances react chemically

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  PS1.B.5

  Demonstrate how molecules are regrouped to form new substances.

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  PS1.B.6

  Identify and predict how and when energy is released or stored as the result of chemical reaction

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  PS1.C Explain what forces hold nuclei together and mediate nuclear processes
  PS1.C.1	Explain the basic building blocks of matter beginning with H and He inside of stars							I	R	R	P
  PS1.C.2	Explain how nuclear fusion is the joining of parts of atoms resulting in new atoms and the release of huge amounts of energy							I	R	R	P
  PS1.C.3	Explain that the fusion process requires extreme heat and pressure, normally only found in stars							I	R	R	P
  PS1.C.4	Apply God’s creation of the stars and all other forms of matter and energy to physical science	I	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	P

  Core Idea & Reference
  PS2: Describe how one can explain and predict interactions between and within systems of objects.
  Key Catholic Components: CCC: 282-289, 290, 299, 396
  

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  PS2.A Describe and demonstrate how one can predict an object’s continued motion, changes in motion or stability?
  PS2.A.1	Explain that objects can push or pull each other	I	R	R	P
  PS2.A.2	Demonstrate that pushing and pulling an object can change its speed or direction	I	R	R	P
  PS2.A.3	Demonstrate how an object sliding or sitting on a sloped surface experiences a pull due to friction	I	R	R	P
  PS2.A.4	Explain and demonstrate how forces act on objects			I	R	R	R	P
  PS2.A.5	Show that forces acting on objects have both strength and direction			I	R	R	R	P
  PS2.A.6	Describe the multiple forces that act on objects at rest				I	R	R	P
  PS2.A.7	Demonstrate that forces that do not sum to zero cause change in speed or direction of motion					I	R	P
  PS2.A.8	Be able to observe and measure patterns of an objects motion				I	R	R	P
  PS2.A.9	Explain Newton’s Laws of Motion							I	R	R	P
  PS2.A.10	Demonstrate how large objects are harder to get moving, but once moving are harder to stop				I	R	R	R	R	R	P
  PS2.A.11	Demonstrate how energy/force can change position, shape, etc. of an object				I	R	R	R	R	R	P
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  PS2.B Explain the variety of interactions observed from certain underlying forces
  PS2.B.1	Explain that when objects touch or collide, they can change motion or shape		I	R	P
  PS2.B.2	Explain and demonstrate how objects exert force on each other					I	R	P
  PS2.B.3	Calculate the size of forces based on properties of objects and distance apart						I	P
  PS2.B.4	Be able to demonstrate that gravitational force of Earth pulls objects toward the center of the planet				I	R	R	P
  PS2.B.5	Explain how electric and magnetic forces are related						I	R	R	R	P
  PS2.B.6	Demonstrate how gravity always attracts, but depends on size of object (mass) and distance						I	R	R	R	P
  PS2.B.7	Describe how gravity holds everything in the universe “in place”				I	R	R	R	R	R	P
  PS2.B.8	Apply how God created not only matter but forces as well				I	R	R	R	R	R	P
  PS2.B.9	Explain and demonstrate gravitational electric and magnetic force fields						I	R	R	R	P
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  PS2.C Explain why some physical systems are more stable than others
  PS2.C.1	Describe the effects of pushes and pulls on an object	I	R	R	P
  PS2.C.2	Identify what pulls and pushes keep something in place as well as what makes something change or move	I	R	R	P
  PS2.C.3	Explain that a system can change					I	R	P
  PS2.C.4	Explain and demonstrate how forces on/within a system change as it moves					I	R	P
  PS2.C.5	Explain how/when a system can appear to be unchanging					I	R	P
  PS2.C.6	Explain how systems tend toward a pattern of stability (e.g. Earth orbits sun)				I	R	R	R	R	R	P
  PS2.C.7	Explain how a static system can be unstable									I	P
  PS2.C.8	Describe how small changes can be absorbed by stable systems, which will remain stable									I	P
  PS2.C.9	Describe how systems that have a large change or are inherently unstable (e.g. nebula, planetary impact) will continue to change toward a stable configuration									I	P

  Core Idea & Reference
  PS3: Describe how energy is transferred and conserved.
  Key Catholic Components: CCC: 282-289, 290, 299, 396, 1147, 2402-2405, 2415
  

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  PS3.A Define energy
  PS3.A.1	Describe the fact that faster moving objects possess more energy						I	P
  PS3.A.2	Describe how energy can move from place to place						I	P
  PS3.A.3	Define energy						I	R	R	R	P

  PS3.A.4

  Describe how energy is transferred and conserved

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  PS3.A.5

  Explain the concept of kinetic and potential energy

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  PS3.A.6

  Identify the transfer of heat as exhibited in the transfer of energy

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  PS3.A.7

  Identify how temperature is used to measure the average kinetic energy of particles in matter

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  PS3.A.8

  Compare and contrast the relationship between temperature and energy

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  PS3.A.9

  Show how the relationship between temperature and energy is dependent on the type, state and amount of matter present

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  PS3.B Describe conservation of energy and how energy is transferred between objects or systems

  PS3.B.1

  Explain that sunlight warms Earth’s surface

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  PS3.B.2

  Explain how energy can be transferred from one object to another

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  PS3.B.3

  Explain when energy is present

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  PS3.B.4

  Describe how light transfers energy from place to place

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  PS3.B.5

  Describe and demonstrate how energy can transfer from place to place by electric current

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  PS3.B.6

  Demonstrate how energy can be transferred from object to object

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  PS3.B.7

  Describe how some energy is lost in transfer

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  PS3.B.8

  Describe how energy can be provided by many different processes (e.g. battery = chemical and electrical)

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  PS3.B.9

  Demonstrate change in motion energy

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  PS3.B.10

  Explain how energy (heat energy) is transferred by three processes: conduction, convection and radiation

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  PS3.C Explain how forces are related to energy

  PS3.C.1

  Explain that a bigger push or pull makes an object go faster

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  PS3.C.2

  Explain that faster speeds cause a bigger change in the shape of the colliding object

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  PS3.C.3

  Describe how during collision of objects contact forces transfer energy to change the objects’ motion

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  PS3.C.4

  Demonstrate how magnets exert forces on other materials

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  PS3.C.5

  Explain that when two objects interact, there is a force exerted that results in a transfer of energy

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  PS3.C.6

  Describe gravitational force and how it impacts the release/transfer of energy

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  PS3.D Explain energy in chemical processes and everyday life

  PS3.D.1

  Explain that when objects rub against each other it is called friction

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  PS3.D.2

  Demonstrate that friction can create warmth

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  PS3.D.3

  Identify the concept of “producing energy” as it refers to conversion of stored energy

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  PS3.D.4

  Explain the process of machine and animal use of energy to transfer heat to the environment

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  PS3.D.5

  Identify the concept that energy from food, fuel, etc. all originates from the sun

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  PS3.D.6

  Identify and discuss concentration, storage and distribution of energy

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  PS3.D.7

  Explain and know the photosynthesis formula (both light and dark reactions)

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  PS3.D.8

  Explain why photosynthesis is so important to life on earth

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  PS3.D.9

  Demonstrate how friction reduces machine efficiency

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  PS3.D.10

  Describe how friction carries heat energy to be transferred to the surrounding materials

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  Core Idea & Reference
  PS4: Explain how waves are used to transfer energy and information
  Key Catholic Components: CCC: 279, 282-289, 290, 314, 324, 327, 337-338, 341, 343, 396, 1147, 2402-2405, 2415
  

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  PS4.A Describe properties of waves
  PS4.A.1	Identify that waves are regular patterns of motion	I	R	R	P
  PS4.A.2	Demonstrate how waves are made in water by disturbing the surface	I	R	R	P
  PS4.A.3	Demonstrate that sound can make matter vibrate and vibrating matter can make sound	I	R	R	P
  PS4.A.4	Identify various types of waves					I	R	P
  PS4.A.5	Define terms related to waves (amplitude, wave length, etc.)					I	R	P
  PS4.A.6	Explain concepts of seismic waves in relation to earthquakes					I	R	P
  PS4.A.7	Describe simple waves, using knowledge of repeating patterns, wave lengths, frequency and amplitude						I	R	R	R	P
  PS4.A.8	Describe and demonstrate how sound waves are transmitted and how this applies to the seismic waves in the layers of the earth					I	R	R	R	R	P
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  PS4.B Explain light in terms of electromagnetic radiation.
  PS4.B.1	Explain that objects can be seen when light is available	I	R	R	P
  PS4.B.2	Explain how hot objects give off light	I	R	R	P
  PS4.B.3	Demonstrate how light can pass through some material, can be blocked and can create a shadow on a surface	I	R	R	P
  PS4.B.4	Demonstrate how mirrors or prisms can redirect light	I	R	R	P
  PS4.B.5	Explain that light travels through space to earth				I	R	R	P
  PS4.B.6	Explain that objects are seen due to reflected light				I	R	R	P
  PS4.B.7	Explain how people see color					I	R	P
  PS4.B.8	Identify various lenses and their use to see objects				I	R	R	P
  PS4.B.9	Describe how light (visible and invisible) can be reflected, absorbed or transmitted by an object, dependent on material of object and frequency of light waves						I	R	R	R	P
  PS4.B.10	Describe how the color of objects is a result of light reflected						I	R	R	R	P
  PS4.B.11	Demonstrate how light travels in a straight line except when passing through different materials				I	R	R	R	R	R	P
  PS4.B.12	Describe how light can travel through matter or empty space				I	R	R	R	R	R	P

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  PS4.C Describe how instruments that transmit and detect waves are used to extend human senses
  PS4.C.1	Describe how people use their senses to detect light, sound and vibrations	I	R	R	P
  PS4.C.2	Describe how people can use devices to communicate	I	R	R	P
  PS4.C.3	Identify how lenses are used to extend what can be seen	I	R	R	R	R	R	P
  PS4.C.4	Describe how lenses are made based on the understanding of how the path of light bends					I	R	P
  PS4.C.5	Explore digitized information and how devices such as computers can receive and decode such information						I	P
  PS4.C.6	Explain how modern devices use digital signals to encode and transmit information						I	R	R	R	P
  PS4.C.7	Explain how communication of many types depend on electromagnetic radiation							I	R	R	P